References

Scientific references that guided our thought process about the problem and the solution inside The Junior Academy:

• African Development Bank Group. (2022). “Africa's chronic power problems have escalated into a crisis affecting 30 countries. This tolls heavily on economic growth and productivity.” Africa Infrastructure Knowledge Program. https://infrastructureafrica.opendataforafrica.org/kquobdg/africa-s-chronic-power-problems-have-escalated-into-a-crisis-affecting-30-countries-this-tolls-heavi

• Burton, K. (2021). “Sub-Saharan Africa has a huge electricity problem – but with challenge comes opportunity.” Geographical Magazine. https://geographical.co.uk/people/development/item/4180-sub-saharan-africa-has-an-electricity-problem-how-can-governments-fix-it

• Connolly, D. (2010). “A review of energy storage technologies: For the integration of fluctuating renewable energy.” University of Limerick.

• Corfee-Morlot, J., Parks, P., Ogunleye, J., & Ayeni, F. (2019). “Achieving clean energy access in sub-Saharan Africa.” OECD. https://www.oecd.org/environment/cc/climate-futures/Achieving-clean-energy-access-Sub-Saharan-Africa.pdf

• Cosgrove-Davies, M., Blimpo, M. P. (2019). “Electricity access in sub-saharan africa: Uptake, reliability, and complementary factors for economic impact.” World Bank Publications.

• Energy for Development. (2013). Bambouti Solar Plant Project. https://energyfordevelopment.net/current-projects/cameroon/

• European Space Agency. (2022) “Low earth orbit” [Online image]. https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2020/03/Low_Earth_orbit

• Fortinet. (2022). “What is SCADA and SCADA system.” https://www.fortinet.com/resources/cyberglossary/scada-and-scada-systems

• Gallucci, M. (2020). “South sudan is building its electric grid virtually from scratch.” IEEE Spectrum. https://spectrum.ieee.org/south-sudan-rebuilding-grid-from-scratch

• Grünewald, P., & Diakonova, M. (2020). “Societal differences, activities, and performance: Examining the role of gender in electricity demand in the United Kingdom.” Energy Research & Social Science, 101719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101719

• Hutson, M. (2022, April 14). “The renewable-energy revolution will need renewable storage.” The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/04/25/the-renewable-energy-revolution-will-need-renewable-storage

• International Energy Agency (IEA). (2022). “Data-driven electrification in Africa – Programmes.” https://www.iea.org/programmes/data-driven-electrification-in-africa

• IEA. (2022). “SDG7: Data and projections – Analysis.” https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections

• Mwenda, A. (2007). “Aid for Africa? No thanks.” TED. September 4. https://www.ted.com/talks/andrew_mwenda_aid_for_africa_no_thanks

• NASA. (2020). “Sustainable development goals.” Earthdata. https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/backgrounders/sdg

• Odarno, L. (2019). “Closing sub-saharan africa’s electricity access gap: Why cities must be part of the solution.” World Resources Institute. https://www.wri.org/insights/closing-sub-saharan-africas-electricity-access-gap-why-cities-must-be-part-solution#:~:text=Currently%2C%20there%20are%20more%20than,or%20may%20be%20connected%20illegally

• Our World in Data. (2020). “Electricity access, 2019” [Map online]. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-the-population-with-access-to-electricity

• Patel, K. (2021). “Plugging-in Sub-Saharan Africa.” NASA Earth Observatory. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/148069/plugging-in-sub-saharan-africa

• Powells, G., & Fell, M. J. (2019). “Flexibility capital and flexibility justice in smart energy systems.” Energy Research & Social Science, 56–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.03.015

• Shahriar, A. Z. M., Unda, L. A., & Alam, Q. (2020). “Gender differences in the repayment of microcredit: The mediating role of trustworthiness.” Journal of Banking & Finance, 105685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2019.105685

• The Investopedia Team. (2012). “Public-private partnerships definition.” https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/public-private-partnerships.asp

• United Nations (UN). (2020). “SDG Indicators - Goal 11.” United Nations Statistics Division. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2020/goal-11

• UN. (2021). “SDG Report - Goal 7.” United Nations Statistics Division. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2021/goal-07/

• UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA). (2022). “Sustainable Development Goal 7.” https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal7

• UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). (2015). “Lighting up lives: Pro-poor public-private partnerships.” Internal Evaluation Report.

• UNESCAP. (2022). “Geospatial data for energy policy and planning in Asia-Pacific.” Expert Working Group Meeting on Universal Access to Modern Energy Services, Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Cleaner Use of Fossil Fuels. https://www.unescap.org/events/2022/expert-working-group-SDG7-geospatial-data-for-energy-policy

• UN Global Compact. (2022). “Blueprint for SDG leadership.” Action Platform. https://www.unglobalcompact.org/take-action/action/sdg-blueprint

• World Bank. (2019). “Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - Sub-Saharan Africa | Data.” https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?end=2019&locations=ZG&start=2000&view=chart

• World Bank. (2020). “GDP growth (annual %) - Sub-Saharan Africa | Data.” https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?end=2020&locations=ZG&start=2000&view=chart

• World Bank. (2022a) “Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population) - Sub-Saharan Africa | Data.” World Bank Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.RU.ZS?locations=ZG